Horizontal milling cutter. This would usually be the horizontal spindle.

Highly versatile, the Palmgren universal horizontal milling machine can handle both horizontal and vertical milling, making it an ideal solution for just about every milling application, according to the company. Feb 15, 2023 · When the cutting teeth on the tool are present at the circumference or periphery of the disc, these types of tools are called circumferential or peripheral milling cutters. 002 over size and 3/16" key stock is a little loose fit. As a result, the machine tool manufacturer repeatedly sets standards developing versatile and high-performance machining centers. According, PCD-coated milling cutters last 100 times longer than their untouched This is a video that shows how I set up my Kearney & Trecker model 2H Horizontal Mill to cut a keyway in a shaft. The combination has unlimited potential and 108403. It is cheaper in price. The difference in cutting tool geometry affects the nature and accuracy of the cuts each machine is capable of. These machines generally come with a rotary table to provide an angled approach for the cutting tools. Or fastest delivery Thu, Jul 18. Oct 17, 2020 · how to remove milling cutter in a milling machine explained by polayya chintada Engineered for accuracy and designed for reliability, Summit’s Universal Horizontal Mills offer many advantageous features. 40-TAPER HMCs / 4 AXIS / 8100-15,00O RPM / 30-100 TOOLS Mar 16, 2022 · In this video we continue on with the build with a lot of lathe work. The workpiece is a piece of pre-shaped material that is secured to the fixture, which itself is attached Browse through and buy from our collection of milling cutters online or alternatively please call 01924 869 610 or email sales@cutwel. Which of the following statements is true of milling machines? Milling machines: Rotate a multi-point tool Milling is the process of machining flat, curved, orMilling machines are basically classified as vertical or irregular surfaces by feeding the workpiece against a rotating horizontal. These milling cutters can only be used in horizontal milling machines. Maximum motor power is 144W by using more powerful motor. A wide range of information on applications, use cases, types, materials, performance, etc. Which component can an operator use to adjust spindle depth? Knee crank. The saddle assembly travels on precision ground ways to assure rigidity and stability under extreme loads. it usually has a left-handed thread). 5" roughing endmill, then 0. Saw milling is executed by a large cutter with teeth around its circumference. When the cutting edges dull replace the carbide inserts instead of the entire tool. Made of solid carbide,they'reharder,stronger, and more wear resistant than high-speed steel for the longest life and best finish on hard material. Boring Tool Holders for Milling Machines Instead of widening a hole using a lathe, which turns the workpiece while the cutting tool stays still, use these holders to turn your boring bar in a milling machine and keep the Aug 18, 2022 · Classification of Milling Cutters. The MaxiMill 211 is universal shoulder milling with a 90-degree approach angle with a positive insert that offers a soft cutting action. 7” x 20. Slab mills are mostly used in a gang milling processes. For assistance with finding the right tools or any other questions, please feel free to call our customer support team at 800-221-0270 or use our chat feature now Discover Side Milling Cutters at MSC Industrial Supply. Looking for a broad range of tools for parting off, groove, or slot milling of top-quality components? Whether you are slot or groove milling, cutting narrow or wide, deep or shallow, you will find the right tool for your needs here. The milling process requires a milling machine, workpiece, fixture, and cutter. x 1 3/4" long. These machines are also classified as knee-type, cutter containing a number of cutting edges. Milling cutters are cutting tools typically used in milling machines or machining centres to perform milling operations (and occasionally in other machine tools ). Kent USA’s best-selling line of KVR Linear Way VMCs comes with large working capacity options of up to 39. So, if you’re looking for answers in the same, keep reading! Selection of Cutting Tools and Materials for Side Milling 2. MILLING CUTTERS. 45 °. $6059 ($11. Cutters for horizontal milling. Horizontal U-axis machines work well for oversized components because they have larger tables What type of milling operation produces slots, pockets, and contours? End milling. A horizontal milling machine is a little bit costly. Mar 16, 2024 · The face milling cutters mounted on three or four-spindle heads rotate on a horizontal axis and remove metal from workpieces supported on both the faces of the drum. Mar 6, 2023 · Figure 1 shows the part and the boring tool on the milling machine. Milling cutter, with two edges, is dangerous, so people should be guided by experts when using it. It is threaded onto an arbor and is held in place by spacers and bearing bushings and by a nut which is tightened at the end of A milling cutter is a tool that can be used in a CNC or manual milling machine and a CNC lathe with live tooling capabilities. Apr 29, 2024 · When milling parts with poor axial rigidity, use a 90° milling cutter to direct the majority of cutting forces axially. The machine’s cutting tool removes material See Other Products. Plain milling cutters can be categorized into the following types: Light duty plane milling cutters. Heavy duty plane milling cutters. The spindle axis is horizontal, the milling cutters are mounted on a horizontal shaft called the arbor. The depth and inner diameter of that feature are set with the endmills. Dovetail slots, T-slots, and woodruff key slots require special cutters of the same name, while open slots can be cut with a plain milling cutter, a metal slitting saw, or a side milling cutter mounted on Check out this overview of our horizontal mill lineup. Jan 19, 2024 · In horizontal side milling, the cutter would engage with the workpiece from the side, but now the side is relative to a horizontal plane rather than a vertical one. Over 1 million products that ship and deliver fast. Groove or slot milling is an operation in which side and face milling is often preferred to end milling. We get a poorer surface finish. These machines are ergonomically designed, combining the latest design techniques with the highest standard Mar 9, 2021 · When the cutting teeth are present on the periphery of the circular disk then it is known as periphery mill cutter. The heavy cutting spindle and rigid machine structure enable higher vertical machining efficiency with better finish and longer tool life. Drill Service stocks a large range of milling cutters, boring tools and slitting saws. 4” x 19. The list of specific employment of horizontal milling is given below. Horizontal milling uses shorter and stronger tools to perform heavier, deeper, and/or wider cuts, such as slots or grooves Mar 28, 2024 · A milling cutter is a rotating tool used in milling operations, featuring one or more cutting edges, primarily used for machining planes, steps, grooves, forming surfaces, and cutting workpieces on milling machines. Arbor-Mounted Cutters: This type of cutter is shaped like a wheel with a round hole in the center. 45/Ounce) FREE delivery Fri, Jul 19. Increased Efficiency and Productivity: High-powered spindles or multi-spindle horizontal milling machines can provide high material removal rates. Since computers were primitive then and the internet was unheard of, I printed out a page of similar numbers properly scaled and they made a bit for an RA lathe, then made the actual horizontal milling cutters as John described, except that they hardened the entire piece. Slab mills are made from high speed steel. 60° included angle creates a less steep diagonal cut than a 45° included angle. A horizontal milling machine functions similarly to a vertical mill with the exception that it uses a rotating table instead of a gantry and its main cutter is generally three- or four-pointed. The HMC-F also boasts linear scales on the X, Y, and Z-axes, a 40-tool ATC, and a FANUC 0i-MF CNC control. 303" x 1" hole will ship for $5. com. Nov 4, 2022 · Categories#6: Form Milling Cutters. BestEquip Rotary Table 4inch (100mm) Horizontal Vertical Milling Table 2/5inch (10mm) 4-Slot Milling Rotary Table MT-2 Rotary Table for Milling with Indexing Plate Set for Precision Milling Drilling. Milling cutters are available in various designs for different applications. This would usually be the horizontal spindle. Of course, horizontal mills are also suitable for end milling. In addition to the basic X, Y, and Z movements, the 4-axis milling introduces rotation around the X-axis. Horizontal milling machines are ideal for this type of work. Fax. 80 anywhere in the USA please check my other auctions and happy bidding! everything we can combine into a medium USPS flatrate box will ship for $12. All parts are hardened, ground and lapped; threads are ground. See in figure types of plain milling cutters. 5” travels. Vertical milling machines handle general tasks well, with a focus on plunge cuts and drilling. It involves using a milling cutter which rotates on an axis that is parallel to the milled surface. net for any advice or queries. 5PCS 1/4" Solid Carbide Square Nose End Mills Set 65HRC Tungsten Steel Milling Cutter 4 Flute CNC Milling Bits for Stainless Steel Hardness Steel. 06" undersize with a finishing endmill. The vertical spindle head attachment can Horizontal milling cutters are integral components in the realm of industrial milling, offering precision and versatility for a wide range of applications. Get the best deals on horizontal mill cutters when you shop the largest online selection at eBay. Buy Side Milling Cutters | Shop our comprehensive inventory, online and in-stock now. Nov 13, 2023 · A milling machine is a machine tool that removes metal as the workpiece is fed against a rotating cutter. May 8, 2020 · Horizontal milling machines derive their name from the positioning of the tool – their axis lies horizontally. Let us look in more detail at the main parts: 1. 3. Or fastest delivery Wed, Feb 7. 800-827-5834. Milling is the process of machining using rotary cutters to remove material [1] by advancing a cutter into a workpiece. 16. Straddle Milling 2. Therefore, the cutting tool approaches the workpiece from the side instead of the top. The other end has a special nut (i. V=πDN 4. Find the Jan 21, 2021 · Horizontal milling machines feature short and thick tools capable of removing large amounts of material from the workpiece compared to vertical milling machines. A horizontal milling operation with two cutters is called? Saddle milling Twin milling Parallel milling Straddle milling Select the milling operation shown below: Face milling O End milling Ball-end mill Peripheral milling Question 3 1 pts Which equation below Included Angle. ) Beveler Adapters. Motor case and spindle box are jointed. 27mm. Utilize sharp positive rake cutting edges to reduce cutting forces, suitable for face milling thin-walled and contoured sections. We are a Supplier and Exporter of Plain Milling Cutters, also known as Surface Milling or Slab Milling. Arbors and arbor spacers have standard keyways. Use our knowledge to give your milling cutter a competitive edge. 1. A horizontal mill operates with its spindle in a horizontal position. In stock and ready to ship. Horizontal milling machines set the standard for speed, accuracy and precision in large production runs. The cutting speed for these mills also varies according to specifications but can be as fast as 20,000 RPM. . This enables the user to access larger portions of the material being worked on quickly and efficiently, such as when cutting across multiple pieces of wood. Pair with cordless grinders to bevel smooth edges on plastic pipe and tubing. Helical milling cutter. Two popular ram-type milling machines are the universal milling machine and the swivel cutter head ram-type milling machine. Before boring, I make the hole 0. This base has a dish-shaped top which acts as a reservoir for cutting fluid. The cutter has multiple cutting edges, which rotate at high speed to remove material from the workpiece. These are solid milling cutters and indexable milling cutters. Sp2226 Cutter Mini Horizontal Vertical Milling Machine for Hobby US$ 800-1500 / set. Face Milling: During face milling, the workpiece’s surface is cut to create a smooth surface using a milling cutter. Style A arbors feature a pilot 23/32" diam. The Ajax range of universal horizontal milling machines, like their predecessors the No1, No2 & No4, they are ideal for use in any environment. Convert tools with a Morse taper shank to an R8 shank for use in manual milling machines that have an R8 taper spindle. Side Milling Cutter: Side Mill cutter is a type of cutter in which the cutting teeth are present on the periphery and also at the face or end. Only 1 left in stock - order soon. Here’s the best way to solve it. Plain Milling Cutter has straight or helical teeth cut on the periphery of a disc or a cylindrical surface, may be of the solid inserted blade or tipped type, and is profile Milling Speed and Feed Calculator. The milling cutter is often made of hard, strong material that can withstand significant stress without breaking or otherwise suicide to damage. The spindle sleeve can be fed in a mini quantity manually as well as equipped with a limitation device. For example, it is not uncommon to combine cutters to facilitate the coating of polycrystalline diamonds (PCD). Additionally, vertical mills have a lower horsepower motor than horizontal mills. Side and face cutters offer the most efficient method for milling large volumes of long, deep grooves, particularly when horizontal milling machines are used. These machines are the first milling machine designs. In the world of industrial milling, two broad classes of cutting tools exist. Combine a cutter with carbide inserts (soldseparately) to create a face milling cutter, also known as indexable face milling cutters. [3] Milling covers a wide variety of different operations and machines, on scales from small individual parts to large, heavy 1. There are two main kinds of milling cutters: (1) arbor-mounted cutters and (2) shank-type cutters: 1. If the 3-axis was the waltz, consider the 4-axis the tango: sophisticated, intricate, and more challenging. The milling machine can hold one or more cutters at the same time, allowing for a variety of cutting operations to be performed. This is a product information page introducing Mitsubishi Materials' new and existing products. The chips fall to the machine's base, and augers or conveyors efficiently remove them from the work area. This is frequently employed for big workpiece finishing Fly cutters clamp onto tool blanks (sold separately) to machine flat surfaces. Shop online today for a wide range of milling cutters including general purpose, high performance & non-ferrous slot drills and end mills. , Ltd. Send Email. 60 Degree. It is ideal for creating helical gears and other complex and intricate surfaces. 9. A milling machine is a machine tool that usually operates on a vertical or horizontal axis and utilises a rotating cutter to remove material from a workpiece. The purpose of side milling is to machine slots, simple contours, or the face of a workpiece perpendicular to the tool arbor axis. Set. Vertical milling Drill/Mill Cut Style. The growth in vertical milling machines and machining centers, however, means that Apr 12, 2011 · I cut a 3/16 keyway in a shaft using a 4" x 3/16" milling cutter in my horizontal mill. This consists of a hardened and precision ground round bar. Steel (High-Speed Steel, FSS) Jan 28, 2008 · I find that a double-angle cutter (probably the same type you used on a horizontal milling machine) mounted on an appropriate arbor is the best solution for milling an angled-sided slot. Thick. It is most commonly used in the horizontal milling machine. 5 thou runout installed on the mill. The metal must be held very firmly in a large machine vice, usually a nylon or leather mallet is used to hammer round the handle of the vice to ensure it is extremely tight. Mar 14, 2024 · Plain milling, also known as slab or surface milling, is a process used when machining a flat, horizontal surface. This video shows the details of each mill that we offer to help you find which one best fits your production needs. Draw a diagram of a horizontal milling machine and label the important parts. Plain milling:- For producing a plain, flat, horizontal surface parallel to the axis of rotation of plain milling cutter. Vertical milling machine reduces the tool life. In KNUTH’s Online Shop you will find a wide selection of milling Dec 19, 2023 · Here are ten fundamental differences between horizontal milling machines and vertical milling machines and a brief explanation of each. Use them to create dovetail slots for connecting two components with a sliding fit. 2. Affordable 3-axis models are just as much a part of the portfolio as universal milling machines for 5-axis Another type of milling machine is the horizontal milling machine. The cutting tool attaches to the arbor. Choose from our selection of carbide-insert milling cutters, including over 80 products in a wide range of styles and sizes. Unlike their counterparts, these cutters are designed to operate in both axial and radial directions, enhancing their capability to shape and fabricate various materials. The cutting tool in horizontal milling machines is shorter and thicker. Cut off, slot, and groove milling. Feb 26, 2024 · Applications of Horizontal Milling. By using a horizontal milling machine, you will get the best surface finishing. HMC-F CNC. This can make it more difficult when you are working with certain pieces. For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number. The images above show one way of using them which is plain milling. 1" undersize with a 0. Face milling:- To produce flat surface face milling cutter rotated about an axis perpendicular to work surface3. Which machine component on the horizontal mill holds the cutting tool? Arbor. org on Patreon:https://www. Some of the major machine manufacturers that make CNC Horizontal Milling Machines are Haas Mills with its EC model, Mazak with ita HCN models, Okuma and lastly Kitamura Jul 26, 2023 · Let’s explore each advantage more thoroughly. 45mm. Avoid axial depths of cut between 0. You can control the depth of the cut by rotating the vertical feed screw of the table. An alternative to face milling cutters for intermittent and light duty use, these cutters allow you to remove and hand-sharpen the tool blank when it becomes worn. The blades remove material from the workpiece in the form of chips. UK next day delivery! Nov 20, 2023 · The process can be performed using various types of milling machines, including horizontal and vertical mills, and is compatible with a wide range of materials, such as metals, plastics, and composites. 2 products. 80mm. Please find the most suitable product. The cutter is exactly 3/16" and I measure about 2. DMG MORI has over 100 years of experience with CNC milling machines and comprehensive industry expertise. It produces flat surfaces, grooves, slots or profiles on a workpiece. As the cutter rotates, the tool blank creates a wide, shallow cut on the face of the workpiece. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices. A milling cutter is a rotating machining tool equipped with geometrically defined blades. They are more beneficial commercially and are used in various industrial applications. So of course the slot is that size. Read More: The Difference Between 3-Axis, 4-Axis, and 5-Axis Milling. When milling, the tool will rotate and the job will move with the milling bed; moving in a horizontal or lateral movement but not vertically. These cutters also come in different configurations and shapes. All is well, but the slot is . Only 6 left in stock - order soon. Apr 15, 2024 · The end milling is extremely favorable in the machining conditions where you need: An intricate profile, precise edges, slots, and grooves with varying depths, and a smooth finish on the workpiece surface. patreon. The horizontal arbor. They remove metal at least two times faster than comparable high-speed steel face milling cutters. Our high performance milling cutters are available in solid Carbide, HSCo and HSS, and options for any coating you require - making them suitable for cutting a variety of metals including iron, stainless steel, aluminium and other ferrous and non-ferrous materials. Vertical milling machines feature long and thin tools. They have a horizontal spindle, a bridge that supports the arbor in a very rigid position and a coordinate table that moves up and down on the console (vertical axis). g. I get the spacer and cutter arbor made. As the name of each suggests, horizontal machining centers have a horizontal spindle running parallel to the worktable’s surface. Moreover, the cutter has helical flutes, which aid in chip removal during machining, and the diameter of the cutter is smaller than the workpiece width The ram-type milling machine is characterized by a spindle mounted to a movable housing on the column to permit positioning the milling cutter forward or rearward in a horizontal plane. 4. Arbors are complete with assorted width arbor spacers and running bushings as listed below. Product information of Rotating Tools Indexable Milling is available. Combining peripheral milling with face milling means that this cutter capable of milling a true 90-degree shallow shoulder and is an alternative to using face milling cutters when milling axially deflecting Because it uses the knee and the column as the means by which work is fed into the cutter, the horizontal mill is called a “knee-and-column” milling machine. 45 Degree. Horizontal Milling Machines help to increase the tool life. This may be done by varying directions [2] on one or several axes, cutter head speed, and pressure. HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTERS. , a form tool such as a hobbing cutter). Nov 17, 2023 · The side milling cutter is mounted on the arbor of a horizontal milling machine, and the table holding the workpiece is raised as per the required depth of cut and fed against the cutter. Properly built by engineers to last. Catering to both maintenance and production environments. View Website. Dec 9, 2022 · Cutting Helical Gears on the Horizontal Mill 6: A Trial Run in Plastic - My FIRST Helical Gear!Support VintageMachinery. Jul 14, 2003 · This may seem a dumb question in today's world of reversible electric motors - but which way would a horizontal mill running off a flat belt have been configured to spin? I must say that I typically run mine clockwise so that it feeds from left to right when cutting - though I have to reverse that to use a drill chuck for precision drilling. These machines feature spindles in a horizontal position, allowing for deeper and heavier cuts on a workpiece. Apart from standard cuts like facing and chamfering, horizontal mills excel in grooving and slotting operations. Our online store is your easy one-stop source for all things metalworking, and we’re positive we can help you find the perfect quality solutions for all your machine shop needs. The movement of the cutter removes unwanted material from the workpiece creating the desired end product. Jul 28, 2017 · 800-827-3398. Milling cutter. The basic principle of side milling involves the rotation of a milling cutter, which has multiple cutting edges. The HMC-F CNC Horizontal Machining Centers feature a heavy, oversized base that supports the indexing table over its entire travel, with a rigid, fixed spindle driven by a gearbox and a fixed column construction. FREE delivery Tue, Feb 13. For milling machines having # 30, 40, and 50 national standard taper spindles. 35 anywhere in the USA Powered by The free May 4, 2021 · These types of milling cutters are used for producing flat, plane, and horizontal surfaces. On the horizontal milling machine the usual tool holder is the horizontal arbor. As the name implies, the first of these is made from a solid piece of cutting tool material—usually tungsten carbide, although high-speed steel (HSS) and cobalt milling Aug 16, 2023 · The 4-Axis CNC Milling Process. When choosing horizontal vs vertical milling, the machinist will first determine the type of cuts required, including their length and depth. co Oct 18, 2017 · TZ20005MM 60W Big Power Mini Metal Horizontal Milling Machine Features: 1. No mystery there. 906 R Street, Bedford, IN 47421 - p: 812-275-4491 Jan 8, 2022 · Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for horizontal milling cutter at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products! For assistance with finding the right tools or any other questions, please feel free to call our customer support team at 800-221-0270 or use our chat feature now. They remove material by their movement within the machine (e. Vertical milling uses longer and thinner cutting tools for more precise milling. The finished machined parts are removed after one complete turn of the drum, and then the new ones are clamped to it. The milling head can rotate 45 levels anticlockwise or clockwise. Bill Nov 8, 2023 · The thick tools in horizontal milling enable it to swiftly execute deep and heavy cuts. Tailored for manufacturers and operators in horizontal milling, we will take you through the intricacies of tool material selection, technical aspects of side milling, and the critical distinctions between plain and edge milling. This part has a land in the hole for the bearing to seat against. View larger video & image. ) Base: The entire machine rests on a heavy metal base. Periphery Mill cutter can only be used for the Horizontal mill machine. 5-2mm. A horizontal milling machine has a spindle axis in the horizontal plane. It is almost like a vertical miller but its spindle moves along the horizontal plane instead. This is called up-milling (see below) and it is the technique used in school workshops. 303" resharpened mill cutter mfg unknown 5" dia x. Apr 12, 2021 · Horizontal milling machines usually have short as well as thick cutting tools. End Milling 3. 5 set (MOQ) Shanghai Sumore Industrial Co. Now, let’s amp things up a notch with 4-axis CNC milling. Face-Milling Cut Style. The cutting tools that fit the horizontal arbor are in the form of circular disks with the cutting teeth round the outside edge. View all models. Gang Milling: Gang milling involves using two cutting tools on the same arbor to cut horizontal surfaces. The build of a horizontal mill is pretty simple. , a ball nose mill) or directly from the cutter's shape (e. Calculations use the desired tool diameter Milling is the most common form of machining, a material removal process, which can create a variety of features on a part by cutting away the unwanted material. e. Milling cutters materials. Determine the spindle speed (RPM) and feed rate (IPM) for a milling operation, as well as the cut time for a given cut length. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Horizontal Milling Cutter at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products! CARBIDE TIPPED MILL CUTTER horizontal milling machine cutting tool 5" x . It is used for groove, chamfering, and full-radius milling. Home | About | Products | Catalog | Technical Info | Custom Tools | News | Contact ©Whitney Tool Company - Specifications are subject to change without notice. This is often referred to as the A-axis. Nov 20, 2011 · We had the cutters for production made by Barber Coleman. Side milling:- Producing flat vertical surface on the side of the workpiece4. Saw Milling. The wide range of speeds and feeds provide optimum cutting conditions for ferrous and non-ferrous metals. $21324. The main spindle moves vertically, which is where the tool is held in a fixed Aug 31, 2022 · Standard keyways are machined on a shaft using a side milling cutter on the horizontal milling machine or an end mill on the vertical mill. The main drive as well as feed embrace gear speed modification device, which has a wide variety Included Angle. 45° included angle creates a steeper diagonal cut than a 60° included angle. One end has a taper to fit the spindle of the machine. View Buyers Guide. 2. In CNC milling, a machine cutting tool rotates and moves back and forth along the surface of a workpiece, removing material. This results in greater productivity and profitability all around. This, along with the fact that vertical mills use smaller cutting tools, can add unexpected complexity to certain projects. These multifunction tools have a 90° pointed tip that allows them to be used for drilling as well as for slotting,profiling, and chamfering cuts. This is a cutter used for shaping irregular contours, both 2D and 3D. Orientation of the Spindle. This is the angle of the outside edges of the cutter relative to the cutter's horizontal axis perpendicular to its shank. July 28, 2017. Jul 28, 2022 · Side Milling: It is suitable for milling machining for producing a flat vertical surface in the workpiece. Milling operations remove material by feeding a workpiece into a rotating cutting tool with sharp teeth, such as an end mill or face mill. Thanks for watching the build series! With better heat and wear resistance than high-speed steel, these cobalt steel dovetail cutters run at higher speeds and provide better performance on hard material. The center of the V-tipped end mills is highly inefficient at removing material as it has a nearly zero SFM rate. …. The milling ram-type, manufacturing or bed type, and planer-type. Basically, slab mills are used for machining surfaces which are large as well as broad in shape. Slab Mill. kh li dn yq vj pt aq hm wk hm