They are powerful complements to bulk refractive and scalar Jun 17, 2020 · 1 INTRODUCTION. Hu, “Chalcogenide glass metasurfaces from fluid instabilities,” Nature Nanotechnology 14, 309–311 (2019) Aug 11, 2021 · According to a News & Views article in the same issue of Nature Nanotechnology about the MIT and Stanford advances, "these works make a breakthrough in the tunable PCM-based metasurfaces. 2. Recently, the trend of turning metasurface devices flexible and stretchable has arisen in that the flexibility and . Metasurface is a recently developed nanophotonics concept to manipulate the properties of light by replacing conventional bulky optical components with ultrathin (more than 10 4 times thinner) flat optical components. We Show simple item record. Citation: An, Sensong et al. Designing reconfigurable optics based on active metasurfaces is, however, presented with a unique challenge, since the optical quality of the devices must be optimized at multiple optical states. Jun 12, 2019 · Plasmonic metasurfaces (PMs) are two-dimensional arrays of metallic nanoantennas (meta-atoms) with subwavelength thicknesses and spacings and a spatially varying phase response 1,2. Despite the fact that a vast range of basic metasurface designs has already been thoroughly studied in the literature, the number of metasurface-related papers is still Zhiguang Liu, Huifeng Du, Zhi-Yuan Li, Nicholas X Fang, Jiafang Li, "Nano-kirigami metasurfaces by focused-ion-beam induced close-loop transformation", APL Photonics 3, 100803 (2018), 2, the MIT is largely volatile. "Deep learning modeling approach for metasurfaces with high degrees of freedom. Mar 21, 2022 · Metasurfaces are two-dimensional (2D) or planar versions of metamaterials dealing with subwavelength thickness [37,38,39]. On account of these factors, they are progressively Apr 5, 2024 · Now, Brandon Swartz and colleagues at Vanderbilt University and the Naval Surface Warfare Center have demonstrated broadband and large-aperture metasurface edge encoders for incoherent infrared MIT Open Access Articles Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Metasurfaces, which are constructed of 2D artificial material structures in the subwavelength scale, have received great attention due to its ability of unprecedented control over the intrinsic properties of light, including the amplitude, 1, 2 phase, 3, 4 polarization, 5, 6 and the orbital angular momentum. Additionally, metasurfaces can be lithographically mass-produced, enabling miniature and multifunctional metasurface optical elements. Metamaterials offer bespoke electromagnetic applications and novel properties which are not found in naturally occurring materials. Deep learning modeling approach for metasurfaces with high degrees of freedom Aug 17, 2022 · Metasurfaces, a two-dimensional (2D) form of metamaterials constituted by planar meta-atoms, exhibit exotic abilities to tailor electromagnetic (EM) waves freely. 2c01015. Cambridge, MA 02142. "Efficient Inverse Design of Large-Area Metasurfaces for Incoherent Light. MIT Open Access Articles Inverse design of large-area metasurfaces The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. G. " Apr 23, 2021 · Metasurfaces are ultrathin, two-dimensional structures composed of periodic or quasi-periodic arrays of sub-wavelength scatterers. We have demonstrated manipulation of this polarization with properly designed metasurfaces. [1] [2] [3] In electromagnetic theory, metasurfaces modulate the behaviors of electromagnetic waves through specific boundary conditions rather than constitutive parameters in three-dimensional (3D) space, which is commonly Using this new methodology, examples of neural networks capable of producing on-demand designs for meta-atoms, metasurface filters, and phase-change reconfigurable metasurfaces are demonstrated. However, there are at least three reasons in favor of the use of metasurfaces. B. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures, can be readily Sep 26, 2022 · In the past decade, a new frontier in optics known as metasurfaces 2,3 has emerged as a powerful approach for tailoring and controlling the flow of light by using nanostructured surfaces. Mar 21, 2017 · Compared with conventional optical elements, 2D photonic metasurfaces, consisting of arrays of antennas with subwavelength thickness (the ‘meta-atoms’), enable the manipulation of light Designing reconfigurable optics based on active metasurfaces is, however, presented with a unique challenge, since the optical quality of the devices must be optimized at multiple optical states. However, the existing metasurface holography has limited capabilities in achieving 3-D fields with simultaneous features of high spatial resolution and Swift electrons moving closely to a periodic structure can generate far-field radiation. ” Optics Express Aug 11, 2021 · "The applications opened up by the ability to quickly reconfigure metasurfaces are enormous," says Yifei Zhang, first author of a paper reporting the latest advances in a recent issue of Nature Nanotechnology. Aryaetal. "Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas. [9, 11, 38] Achieving quasi-BIC modes in metasurfaces rely strongly on the precise control of the geometric parameters that can be achieved by breaking the in-plane symmetry of their meta-atoms. 2022. Here we show a framework MIT Open Access Articles Manipulating Smith-Purcell Emission with Babinet Metasurfaces The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. The field is driven by the desire to control acoustic wave T. [3][4][5][6] These meta-atoms resonantly coupled to the electric field or magnetic field or both of them from incident light and modify its optical properties. edu May 22, 2023 · Here, we demonstrate intrinsic strong coupling in BIC-driven metasurfaces composed of nanostructured bulk tungsten disulfide (WS2) and exhibiting resonances with sharp, tailored linewidths and May 4, 2023 · Metasurfaces are two-dimensional metamaterials that are widely used in electromagnetic applications 1,2. Olivetti built an artificial-intelligence system form factor and cost, metasurfaces are witnessing a move toward commercial adoption: a solid line-up of large corporations as well as a cohort of aspiring start-up companies are heavily investing on R&D in this field. For example, metasurfaces have been demonstrated to produce unusual scattering properties of incident plane waves or to guide and modulate surface waves to obtain desired radiation properties. “Manipulating Smith-Purcell Emission with Babinet Metasurfaces. With this feature, by careful- Dec 22, 2022 · Early research towards bulk metamaterials and exotic properties has been supplanted by work on thin metasurfaces ripe for commercialization, as outlined in this Focus issue. In this article, we provide a critical review on the active meta-optics design principles and algorithms that are applied across structural Oct 3, 2019 · Machine learning and artificial intelligence are increasingly being used in materials science research. Jun 1, 2020 · We anticipate that lightweight kirigami metasurfaces applied to footwear outsoles could help mitigate the risk of slips and falls in a range of environments. Lincoln Laboratory researchers Jeffrey B. Those meta-atoms, usually consisting of plasmonic or dielectric nanoantennas, can directly change light properties such as phase, amplitude, and polarization. " However Metasurfaces have shown a great potential as functional artificial skins that can shape and control electromagnetic waves. In this work, we introduce and demonstrate a multifunctional dynamic tuning of dielectric metasurfaces containing liquid crystals (LCs) through an effective three-dimensional (3D) control of the molecular orientation. They can be designed to achieve unusual reflection/transmission Li, Zhaoyi, Pestourie, Raphaël, Lin, Zin, Johnson, Steven G and Capasso, Federico. Adam Mar 31, 2020 · Plasmonic metasurfaces are artificial 2D sheets of plasmonic unit cells that repeat in a subwavelength array 1,2,3. MIT to G. In this article, we provide a critical review on the active meta-optics design principles and algorithms that are applied across structural Pestourie, Raphaël, Yao, Wenjie, Kanté, Boubacar and Johnson, Steven G. Gu and J. deshpandecenter@mit. ” Optics Express an, sensong, Zheng, Bowen, Shalaginov, Mikhail Y, Tang, Hong, Li, Hang et al. acknowledges MIT Open Access Articles Inverse design of large-area metasurfaces The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. They possess the unique ability to comprehensively control the phase, amplitude and polarization of incident electromagnetic waves with added advantages such as ease of fabrication and less space consumption. Coupling Effects in Metasurfaces Sensong An, Bowen Zheng, Mikhail Y. K. They demonstrated two different metasurfaces that separate a linearly polarized incident microwave into a left-handed circularly polarized beam and a May 29, 2019 · Metasurfaces are optical devices that utilize subwavelength-scale structuring to shape and manipulate electromagnetic waves 1. Over the past decade, tremendous efforts have been made to develop various active materials and incorporate them into functional devices for practical applications, pushing the research of tunable metasurfaces to the forefront of Feb 27, 2024 · Metasurfaces have recently risen to prominence in optical research, providing unique functionalities that can be used for imaging, beam forming, holography, polarimetry, and many more, while keeping device dimensions small. These findings not only open up a new way to manipulate the electron-beam-induced emission in the near-field region but also promise compact, tunable, and efficient light Deshpande Center for Technological Innovation. Mar 30, 2021 · The practical realization of the proposed nanostructure is a nano-dimer metasurface that is embedded in the transparent buffer layer at the back side of the cell, between the thin n-type layer and Sep 7, 2021 · Whereas metasurfaces providing strong field enhancements outside the resonator with Q-factors of a few hundred are compelling for sensing applications. He received his B. MIT Libraries home DSpace@MIT. S. PMs promise a DSpace@MIT Home; MIT Open Access Articles We present a computational framework for efficient optimization-based “inverse design” of large-area “metasurfaces MIT Open Access Articles Inverse design of large-area metasurfaces The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Li, Charles Roques-Carmes, Marin Name: acsphotonics. Afterwards, they We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in few-layer metasurfaces and Metasurfaces can be either structured or unstructured with subwavelength-scaled patterns in the horizontal dimensions. Chou, Christopher M. “Inverse Design of Large-Area Metasurfaces. 7a . pdf Size: 2. " Jun 16, 2016 · In a new generation of metasurfaces, Luo et al were able to suppress these scattered components and created metasurfaces based on Pancharatnam–Berry phase with efficiency approaching unity . A platform for achieving independent control over each of these properties He is the co-Founder of 2Pi and LyteChip, MIT spin-off companies developing advanced optics and photonics technologies. Author(s) Lin, Zin; Johnson, Steven G. Some branches are just mentioned briefly. The MIT in VO 2 is most commonly induced by heating, Jun 19, 2020 · These metasurfaces can serve as an essential component for achromatic optics with unprecedented levels of performance across a broad bandwidth or provide highly customized, engineered chromatic Dec 17, 2022 · Here the authors harness the on-chip integration of Jones matrix metasurfaces to demonstrate an ultra-compact approach to access and manipulate the optical spin states of vertical cavity surface Metasurfaces comprise sub-wavelength nanostructures. degree from University of Delaware in Electrical and Computer Engineering. ” Jul 15, 2019 · Metasurfaces (MTSs) are thin artificial layers consisting of periodic arrangements of small inclusions in a dielectric host medium. " Optics Express, 29 (2). 852Mb Format: PDF Description: Published version Feb 22, 2024 · Metasurfaces have exhibited unprecedented degree of freedom in manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves and thus provide fantastic front-end interfaces for smart systems. Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. May 6, 2022 · Controlling electromagnetic waves and information simultaneously by information metasurfaces is of central importance in modern society. 292 Main Street, E38-676. The essential underlying idea is to discretize the local geometry, constitutive parameters, and electromagnetic (EM) responses (e. When heating these devices, the GST changed to crystalline state and these functionalities disappeared. 711Mb Format: PDF Description: Accepted version A metasurface is an artificial nanostructured interface that has subwavelength thickness and that manipulates light by spatially arranged meta-atoms—fundamental building blocks of the metasurface. Reconfigurable metasurfaces, often alternatively termed active metasurfaces, introduce a new dimension to the space. Citation: Wang, Zuojia et al. TheKKTconditionsthenimplythat ( + ) ⏟ ⏞ ⏟ ⏞ So far, most fabricated metasurfaces are passive, meaning that they cannot be tuned post fabrication. Metasurfaces have unique abilities to block, absorb, concentrate, disperse or guide waves on the surface at a grazing incidence angle and in space at normal and oblique incidence, from microwave to visible frequencies. Due to their peculiar characteristics, many exotic EM functions and devices can be realized, including wireless communication systems [ 6 , 7 ], ultra-thin flat lenses [ 8 , 9 ], dispersion management [ 10 , 11 ] and angular Jan 28, 2021 · It should be noted that, due to the vastness and rapid development of this field involved as well as our limited cognition and energy, it is impossible for cover all important aspects within this review, such as nonlinear metasurfaces [19, 78, 80, 170], hyperbolic metasurfaces [46, 64, 88]and so on. View Item . Your story matters. 83,84 Other prospective future developments of the field can be associated with novel directions such as Jan 22, 2024 · Metamaterials and metasurfaces of artificial micro-/nano- structures functioning from microwave, terahertz, to infrared regime have enabled numerous applications from bioimaging, cancer detection and immunoassay to on-body health monitoring systems in the past few decades. Date issued Optical metasurfaces (subwavelength-patterned surfaces typically described by variable effective surface impedances) are typically modeled by an approximation akin to ray optics: the reflection or transmission of an incident wave at each point of the surface is computed as if the surface were “locally uniform,” and then the total field is obtained by summing all of these local scattered Jul 5, 2019 · This paper is a critical review of metasurfaces, which are planar metamaterials. ” Optics Express Aug 7, 2023 · Compared with THz programmable metasurfaces recently proposed (listed in Table 1), this work provides a balanced configuration without additional phase shifters for good response speed and beam Aug 29, 2018 · Optical metasurfaces (OMs) have emerged as promising candidates to solve the bottleneck of bulky optical elements. Citation: Goldstein, Jordan and Englund, Dirk. They could be useful in applications ranging from free space optical communications to holographic displays, and depth sensing. To this end, metasurfaces need to depart from the early demonstrations of fixed, static electromagnetic response and enter the tunable, reconfigurable, and programmable regimes. The radiated light is usually polarized in the direction of electron propagation. 1c01850. of subwavelength dimensions to form metasurfaces has attracted much attention in the past decade due to multi-ple advantages, such as higher unit-cell density and smaller angular sensitivity [27,28,45]. iso We demonstrate optimization of optical metasurfaces over 10⁵–10⁶ degrees of freedom in two and three dimensions, 100–1000+ wavelengths (λ) in diameter, with 100+ parameters per λ². The 2-dimensional nature of metasurfaces MIT Open Access Articles Inverse design of large-area metasurfaces The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Oct 9, 2019 · Dielectric metasurfaces that can independently control the phase and amplitude of two wavelengths of light simultaneously are bringing new opportunities for computer-generated holography. Author(s) Goldstein, Jordan; Englund, Dirk. OMs offer a fundamentally new method of light manipulation based on scattering We anticipate that lightweight kirigami metasurfaces applied to footwear outsoles could help mitigate the risk of slips and falls in a range of environments. g. Intelligent metasurfaces are smart platforms to manipulate the wave–information–matter interactions without manual intervention by synergizing engineered ultrathin structures with active devices and algorithms, which evolve from the passive composite 1 day ago · These metasurfaces could be useful in LiDAR applications, the light equivalent of radar, where light is used to capture the depth information from a three-dimensional scene. Mar 16, 2015 · To investigate the slow-light effect brought about by MIT, we first calculated the linear transmission spectrum and group refractive index of the metasurfaces with different gap distances for the Furthermore, the efficiency of the Smith-Purcell emission from Babinet metasurfaces is significantly increased by 84%, in comparison with the case of conventional gratings. Cutting-edge research, including the development of optical chips supporting high-dimensional quantum Jan 3, 2024 · Wave phenomena can be artificially engineered by scattering from metasurfaces, which aids in the design of radio-frequency and optical devices for wireless communication, sensing, imaging Apr 19, 2021 · The use of phase-change materials makes metasurfaces and nanoantennas electrically tunable and switchable, bringing their functionality to the next level. MIT Open Access Articles A Deep Learning Approach for Objective-Driven All-Dielectric Metasurface Design The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. We provide a simple procedure for their implementation using form-birefringent metasurfaces. Our patented platform technology enables a new class of optical components and systems with unprecedented performance, ultra-compactness, light-weight and new functionalities for use in consumer electronics, industry automation, automotive and beyond. ” Optics Express Aun ZAIDI, PhD Candidate | Cited by 1,185 | of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA (MIT) | Read 35 publications | Contact Aun ZAIDI May 6, 2020 · Moreover, metasurfaces have the advantages of a compact size, low loss and are otherwise straightforward to produce. However, owing to their 3D-nature and resonant characteristics, they suffer from manufacturing complexity, losses and are highly dispersive. en_US dc. Roberts, and Vladimir Liberman are also authors on the paper. ), and their potential applications in VR/AR, LiDAR, and sensors. Oct 19, 2020 · Combining plasmonic metasurfaces with GST, switchable metasurfaces for the purpose of achieving spin Hall effect, vortex beam generation and holography are demonstrated when the GST is in the amorphous state as shown in Fig. We will leave a more detailed description of plasmonic meta-atoms Jul 1, 2019 · Metasurfaces are thin two-dimensional metamaterial layers that allow or inhibit the propagation of electromagnetic waves in desired directions. Nov 27, 2014 · The natural starting point in a review about plasmonic meta-atoms and metasurfaces is to explain what we mean by these terms. For example, MIT associate professor of materials science and engineering Juejun "JJ" Hu developed an algorithm that enhances the performance of a chip-based spectrometer, and Atlantic Richfield Associate Professor of Energy Studies Elsa A. Recently, metasurface-empowered At MIT, I've been doing End-to-End Optimization of Metasurfaces for Imaging with Compressed Sensing Gaurav Arya, William F. ,End-to-endOptimizationofMetasurfacesforImagingwithCompressedSensing 5 inFig. As a derivative of three-dimensional Sep 4, 2019 · Optical metasurfaces have become versatile platforms for manipulating the phase, amplitude, and polarization of light. Metamaterials were first proposed and fabricated two decades before 3,4. , via doping [129–131]), thereby introducing nonvola-tile responses over a finite temperature window [132–136]. In contrast, active metasurfaces allow the dynamic control of its optical properties under external stimuli. In Oct 28, 2019 · Owing to the multifunctionality and compactness of the dielectric metasurfaces, the QPGM simultaneously captures three DIC images to generate a quantitative phase gradient image in a single shot May 24, 2016 · Importantly, many functionalities described below for metasurfaces can be realized with layers of bulk metamaterials. " MIT Libraries home DSpace@MIT. By the design and arrangement of the constituent nanostructures, metasurfaces are able to impart customized polarization, amplitude and phase to incident light. It is, however, possible to control the nucleation kinetics during MIT to engineer the hysteresis loop in VO 2 (e. degree from Beijing Institute of Technology in Electrical Engineering, and Ph. Jones matrix holography generalizes a wide body of past work with a consistent mathematical framework, particularly in the field of metasurfaces, and suggests previously unrealized devices, examples of which are demonstrated here. Sep 27, 2020 · Besides the hybridization of dielectric metasurfaces with various types of 2D materials,82 the direct nanopatterning of strongly nonlinear atomic membranes is a future attractive direction to develop atomically thin nonlinear metasurfaces. Oct 26, 2023 · Optical metasurfaces present remarkable opportunities for manipulating wave propagation in unconventional ways, surpassing the capabilities of traditional optical devices. MIT. "A Deep Learning Approach for Objective-Driven All-Dielectric Metasurface Design. , the phase, amplitude, and polarization) so that they can be represented via sequences of May 24, 2016 · Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. Oct 17, 2018 · Acoustic metasurfaces derive their characteristics from the interaction between acoustic waves and specifically designed materials. The ultimate dream is to develop a “universal metasurface” that would create multiple optical channels, each carrying information in different directions in free space. First, bulk periodic arrays are hard to implement, especially for operations in the optical range where bulk metamaterials are multilayered Mar 30, 2023 · The inverse design of metasurfaces has become a pervasive tool for numerous applications involving the direct generation of metasurface candidates for user-defined optical responses 29. 2021. language. In such metasurfaces, the plasmon resonance of the unit cell improves the Jul 15, 2022 · Optical metasurfaces with high quality factors (Q-factors) of chiral resonances can boost substantially light-matter interaction for various applications of chiral response in ultrathin, active Name: acsphotonics. Please share how this access benefits you. Jun 1, 2022 · The concept of “coding metasurfaces” was first put forward in 2014 and has developed rapidly during the past few years, originating several intriguing ramifications. Shalaginov, Hong Tang, Hang Li, Li Zhou, Yunxi Dong, Mohammad Haerinia, Anuradha Murthy Agarwal, Clara Rivero-Baleine, Electromagnetic metasurfaces are structured surfaces consisting of a thin array of subwavelength elements with engineered scattering properties, thus providing a promising means of holographic display by controlling the field distributions. " Jun 20, 2023 · We organize integrated metasurfaces with conventional devices (LED, LC, MEMS, etc. Citation: Pestourie, Raphaël et al. 2Pi is a leader in optical metasurfaces. D. An important design chal-lenge in frequency-selective metasurfaces is the ability to obtain specific high-order frequency responses using Apr 26, 2021 · Progress in the field of quantum-photonics applications of metasurfaces is reviewed. 7 The most critical feature of metasurfaces is that the spatially Metasurfaces are composed of arrays of sub-wavelength structures which modify phase, amplitude and polarization of light for image applications. Overlapping domains for topology optimization of large-area metasurfaces. "Empowering Metasurfaces with Inverse Design: Principles and Applications. 2020. Since the first demonstration of metasurfaces in 2011, they have attracted tremendous interest in the consumer optics and electronics industries. T. ve bq eg jc mk jb ve sa hc zc